Gambel oak is native over a wide range in the southwestern U.S. and Mexico, from 4000' to 8000' in elevation. Usually found in dense thickets, its size varies from 5 foot shrubs to 50 foot trees, depending upon available moisture and deer browsing. With adequate moisture, Gambel oak can grow 2 feet per year. It performs best in areas where temperatures cool off at night, such as Albuquerque, NM Las Vegas, NV and colder locations. Infrequent, deep irrigations are best, since root rot can occur in heavy water-logged soils. In very sandy, well-drained soils more frequent irrigations will be needed. It has deeply-lobed, deciduous leaves and rough, grey bark.